ESPE

Demand for places at the annual meeting in Bilbao was high with over 300 paper submissions of which only 180 could be accepted for presentation. Needless to say, we are all very grateful to Sara de la Rica who did a marvellous job as local organiser and to Peter Kooremen who served as programme chair and had the thankless task of rejecting some many papers.

In 2003 we are breaking with tradition and holding the annual meeting in the United States at New York University. The local organiser, Chris Flinn, indicates that planning is going well and James Heckman and Tom Sargent will deliver the invited lectures. It is hoped that an American venue will increase North American participation in the Society. In 2004, we return to Europe with the meeting being held in Bergen, with Alf Erling Risa doing most of the hard work as local organiser. Please consult the ESPE website: www.espe.org for further details relating to the annual meeting.

The Society is doing well financially. We are considerably in the black, which should allow us some scope for pursuing alternative ways in which to enhance participation in the Society. We are committed to the very successful fee waiver scheme, which is aimed at reducing the financial burden for young scholars who wish to attend the annual meeting. Likewise, the Society’s official journal – the Journal of Population Economics – is doing well, with institutional subscriptions increasing and private subscriptions holding up well. Finally, we have introduced an internet voting system. This should not only make the task of voting quicker and simpler, it also will save the Society a considerable amount of money in printing and postage costs.

In closing let me thank you on behalf of the ESPE Council and Executive Committee for your continued support.

Robert E. Wright

ESPE President 2002

3. Fee waivers ESPE 2002 Conference

The following PhD students got fee wavers for participation in the 2002 ESPE Conference in Bilbao. Please apply for fee waivers again for next year’s meeting in New York City.

Bratti Massimiliano	Università degli Studi di Ancona
Couprie Helene	Université de la Méditerranée
Del Bono Emilia	University of Oxford
Fabbri Francesca	University College London
Grimm Michael	DIAL, Paris
Gutiérrez-Domènech Maria	CEP, LSE
Holzner Christian	ifo Institute for Economic Research, Munich
Ivaschenko Oleksiy	Gothenburg University
Lugo-Gil Julieta	New York University
Pekkarinen Tuomas	European University Institute

4. Call for Contributions to the Newsletter

The ESPE newsletter provides information on the society’s activities, on past, present and future events within or outside the Society’s framework. All members are kindly invited to use the ESPE Newsletter to make announcements of events in the field of population economics. Please send all contributions to the Secretary.

5. Call for Papers: ESPE Meeting 2003

17^th Annual Conference of the European Society

for Population Economics

The Seventeenth Annual Conference will take place on June 13-15, 2003, in New York City on the Washington Square campus of New York University. The Conference is held for the exchange of research results and ideas in a number of fields, including household economics, labor economics, public economics, demography, and health economics.

Keynote lectures will be delivered by James Heckman (University of Chicago) and Thomas Sargent (Stanford University). Christopher Flinn (NYU) will serve as both the program chair and local organizer. Other members of the program committee are Daniela Del Boca (University of Turin) and Wilbert van der Klaauw (University of North Carolina). All submissions should be sent by e-mail to the program committee at gsas.econ.espe2003@nyu.edu. Submissions should include an abstract and, when possible, the paper itself. Preference will be given to submissions that include a complete paper, other things equal. Abstracts are to be submitted as plain text in the main body of the email; papers should be sent as attachments in either MS Word, .pdf, or .ps format.

The submission deadline is February 1, 2003. Acceptance decisions will be communicated on March 1, 2003. Waivers of the conference registration fee will be provided for 10 graduate students. To apply for a waiver the submission of a full paper together with a confirmation of student status by the dissertation supervisor is required. Information on conference location, registration, and hotel reservations will be available through www.espe.org.

6. Elections 2002: Candidate for President

Christopher Flinn is Professor of Economics at New York University and formally taught at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. He serves as a co-editor of the Journal of Human Resources and is an associate editor of the recently created Review of Household Economics. Flinn maintains an active interest in policy issues in household and labor economics, and is a Research Affiliate of the Institute for Research on Poverty (IRP) at the University of Wisconsin. He earned his Ph.D. in economics from the University of Chicago after studying demography at the University of Michigan. His current research interests include labor market dynamics (especially job mobility) and intrahousehold bargaining. He is completing a monograph on theoretical and empirical approaches to assessing the impact of the minimum wage on labor market outcomes. Other projects in progress include research on the impact of employer-provided health insurance on labor mobility in the U.S. (with Matt Dey), the impact of divorce legislation on investment in children in intact and nonintact households (with Meta Brown), and the choice of modes of behaviour within intact households in regards to labor supply decisions (with Daniela Del Boca).

Some of his papers have appeared in the Journal of Political Economy, American Economic Review, Journal of Human Resources, Journal of Econometrics, Journal of Population Economics, International Economic Review, and the Review of Economic Studies.

7. Election 2002: Council

Five council members need to be elected. The elected council members will start their 3-year term in 2003. Usual voting procedures are being followed according to the statutes. We are starting a new system of E-voting which will facilitate voting procedures for all members for whom we have e-mail addresses. For other members, a postal ballot with directions on how to complete it is included with this newsletter. To be valid, it must be returned to the office of the Secretary before February 15, 2003.

The candidates and their biographical details are listed alphabetically below.

Erling Barth is Senior Researcher at the Institute for social research in Oslo and Adjunct Professor at the Department of Economics and Management, University of Tromsø. His PhD is from the Department of Economics at the University of Oslo. He is a member of the Executive Committee of the European Association of Labour Economists (EALE) since June 2000. He is co-editor of the Nordic Journal of Political Economy and of Søkelys på arbeidsmarkedet (Spotlight on the labour market). He is co-author of a University-level textbook on labour market economics in Norwegian.

He was research associate at the Institute of industrial relations at the University of California at Berkeley (1991-92) and visiting scholar at Department of Economics, Harvard University and the NBER in Cambridge, MA (1998-99).

He was the Norwegian partner of the EU-TSER financed PuRE project (1999-2001) on the returns to education in Europe and is currently the Norwegian partner of the EU-financed EDWIN project (2002-2004) on Education and Wage Inequality in Europe. He was a member of the Scientific Committee of the conference on ’Gender and the Labour Market’, Applied Econometrics Association in Perpignan, 1998, and was the coordinator of a Nordic project on wages and unemployment under the Nordic Council of Ministers,

His research interests include immigration issues, the wage structure, gender wage differentials, labour mobility, firms’ behaviour and the impact of labour market institutions. His research has been published in Journal of Labor Economics, Scandinavian Journal of Economics, Labour Economics, Manchester School, Research in Labor Economics, Kyklos and Empirica among others.

Simon Burgess is a Professor of Economics in the University of Bristol. His current research interests include poverty and household income dynamics, household formation, unemployment dynamics, and the role of markets and incentives in the provision of public services. He is also a member of a number of research centres: CMPO, CEPR, CASE, CEP and IZA; he is Deputy Director of CMPO. He is currently Research Dean of the Faculty of Social Science at Bristol, and is the Coordinator of an EU Research Network called "A Dynamic Approach to Europe's Unemployment Problem". He is also an elected member of the Royal Economic Society's Committee for Women in Economics. He completed his PhD with Stephen Nickell in Oxford in 1987, and moved to Bristol. Apart from a year at Dartmouth College, New Hampshire, he has worked at Bristol since then.

He has published - amongst others - in Journal of Population Economics, Review of Economics and Statistics, Journal of Labor Economics, Journal of Public Economics.

Stephen Jenkins has been a member of ESPE since it began, and has previously served as elected Council member. He was ESPE President in 1998. Stephen is currently Professor in the Institute for Social and Economic Research at the University of Essex, UK. His current research is on income distribution and labour market issues, focusing on longitudinal aspects.

He has recently published in journals such as the Journal of Population Economics, Economic Journal, Journal of Human Resources, Population Studies, and Journal of Applied Econometrics. He was co-author of "Income in Later Life: Work History Matters" (Policy Press, 2002), "Child Poverty in Britain and Germany" (AGF, 2001), and "The Dynamics of Poverty in Britain" (DWP/CDS, 2001), and was joint editor of "The Dynamics of Child Poverty in Industrialised Countries" (CUP 2001).

Erik Plug is PostDoc researcher at the University of Amsterdam. He is also affiliated as Research Fellow at the Tinbergen Institute, Amsterdam, and IZA, Bonn. Previously, he held positions at Erasmus University Rotterdam and Wageningen University. Erik studied econometrics and graduated in 1992 at the University of Amsterdam. There he also received his Ph.D. in 1997. His main interests cover the fields of empirical labor economics, economics of education and economics of the family. Currently, he is working on the intergenerational mobility of human capital.

His work has been published in the Journal of Political Economy, Journal of Population Economics, Journal of Public Economics, Labour Economics, and the Journal of Economic Psychology, among others.

Sara de la Rica is a Doctor in Economics by the University of the Basque Country (1991). Actually, she is an associate professor of Economics at the University of the Basque Country (Spain). Her research interest is focused on applied microeconometrics to the Labour Market, in particular, to the Spanish Labour Market. Spanish Unemployment and gender discrimination have been among the issues where Sara has done most of her work. At present, the relation between the low fertility rate of Spanish females and her labour market situation is one of the topics she is most interested in.

Her work has been published in Spanish Economic Review (forthcoming), Economica (1999), Applied Economics (1997), Journal of Human Resources (1995)) and Investigaciones Economicas (1995), among others.

Alf Erling Risa (born 1952) is professor of economics at the University of Bergen, where he also received his dr. philos. degree in economics. He is presently dean of the Faculty of Social Sciences at the University of Bergen, and chairman of the board of Health Economic Research in Bergen. Other affiliations are Centre for Economic Studies of Social Insurance at the University of Bergen, CESifo, and IZA. Research interests include theoretical and applied analysis of social insurance and the welfare state, economic policy towards accident prevention, evaluation studies in health economics, and intergenerational distribution and pension policies.

He has published in journals such as Economic Journal, Journal of Population Economics, Journal of Health Economics, Public Choice, Southern Economic Journal, and most recently in Scandinavian Journal of Economics and European Sociological Review.

Panos Tsakloglou: Associate Professor, Department of International and European Economic Studies, Athens University of Economics and Business (AUEB), Greece. B.A. in Economics, University of Thessaloniki, M.A. and Ph.D. in Economics, University of Warwick. Formerly, lecturer, Department of Economics, University of Bristol, member of Eurostat’s panel of experts on Poverty Statistics and Assistant Professor, AUEB. His research focuses on questions of poverty, inequality, social exclusion and social policy. He is a Research Fellow of the Institute for the Study of Labour (IZA, Bonn), the Centre for Economic Research and Environmental Strategy (CERES, Athens) and the Economic Policy Studies Institute (IMOP, Athens) and a member of the Editorial Board of the Review of Income and Wealth.

He is the co-editor of two books and has published a large number of articles in academic journals and contributions in collective volumes (among others, articles published in the Economic Journal, the Journal of Development Economics, the Review of Income and Wealth and the Journal of European Social Policy).

8. Sixteenth ESPE Conference and General Assembly in Bilbao 2002

Report, General Assembly

The Sixteenth General Assembly of the European Society for Population Economics was held on Saturday, June 15, 2002 in Athens. 60 members attended the meeting. The President, Robert Wright, led the Assembly. He thanked those involved with making the Bilbao meeting a success, especially the local organisers Sara de la Rica, Arantza Ugidos as well as Peter Kooreman, the scientific organiser. This years’ meeting was very successful, which can be seen by the highly acclaimed plenary lectures of David Laibson and Charles Manski, but also by a very high quality of the contributed papers. The number of contributed papers reached 330 submissions, Peter Kooreman has chosen 180 presentations. Attendance at the meeting reached more than 200 participants. Robert Wright reported also from the conference fee waiver awards to encourage participation of graduate students and young researchers. 10 such waivers were awarded this year to the best student paper proposals. This scheme will be continued in the next conferences.

The next conference of ESPE will be held in New York City on the Campus of New York University, June 13-15 2002. This will be a special event in order to expand the worldwide appeal of the European Society for Population Economics, which has always had many collaborators and members from overseas. Chris Flinn from NYU will be both the local and the scientific organizer. Other members of the program committee are Daniela Del Boca (University of Turin) and Wilbert van der Klaauw (University of North Carolina). All submissions should be sent by e-mail to the program committee at gsas.econ.espe2003@nyu.edu. Submissions should include an abstract and, when possible, the paper itself. Preference will be given to submissions that include a complete paper, other things equal. Abstracts are to be submitted as plain text in the main body of the email; papers should be sent as attachments in either MS Word, .pdf, or .ps format. The submission deadline is February 1, 2003. Keynote lectures will be delivered by James Heckman (University of Chicago) and Thomas Sargent (Stanford University).

For the years 2004 the Council decided hold the Annual meeting in Bergen, Norway.

The Secretary of the Society, Rudolf Winter-Ebmer, reported on the recent elections. In total, 106 ballots were received. Christopher Flinn from New York University was elected President-elect. He will become President of the Society in 2004, Peter Kooreman from Groningen will take office in 2003. Rudolf thanked the outgoing Council Members Christian Dustmann, Peter Jensen and Barbara Wolf for their service to the Society. He welcomed Nina Smith from Aarhus as a new member in the Council, Paul Schultz, Marianne Sundström and Barry Chiswick were reelected. The positions are effective from January 2002. Further information about the Society is to be found on the Web-page of the Society. (http://www.espe.org ) . He thanked also the outgoing Treasurer Bernd Raffelhüschen, who kept the books of the Society for 6 years, thereby accumulating not only members but also reserves. Regina Riphahn from Basel will take over his duties.

The books of the Society (kept still by the Treasurer Bernd Raffelhüschen) have been audited by Agneta Kruse and Marco Francesconi, their positive report has been approved by the Assembly. As of December 2001, the Society had 515 members.

Robert Wright, President.

Rudolf Winter-Ebmer, Secretary.

9. Call for Papers: EALE Conference 2003

European Association of Labour Economists

Conference 2003

The 2003 meeting of the EALE will be held at the Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, September 18 – 21. The conference will be organised in collaboration with CentrA, Fundación Centro de Estudios Andaluces and the EALE Secretariat in Maastricht.

You are invited to send in papers for submission. Papers are invited in any area of labour economics. A scientific committee will evaluate all submitted papers. Those who wish to present a paper are requested to send full (draft) papers to the EALE Secretariat, Maastricht, The Netherlands before 1 March 2003.

Papers accepted for presentation can be submitted for consideration for publication in the annual Conference Volume of the journal "Labour Economics", edited in 2003 by Professor Juan F. Jimeno. Further information concerning submission rules and deadline will be given in the letter of acceptance.

The deadline for submission is March 1, 2003. You may email your complete paper to eale@roa.unimaas.nl.

Consult our website for further instructions on preparing your paper submission http://www.eale.nl/

10. Call for Papers: Applied Economics Quarterly

Major changes are under way for Applied Economics Quarterly (Konjunkturpolitik), journal that may be of interest to ESPE Members. After 49 years of publishing mostly in German language, all contributions will be in English from 2003 onwards. The new editorial team, with members from six European countries and the U.S., reflects the international economics community the journal seeks to reach, and marks a commitment for continued diversity in the type of research it will publish.

The unifying theme is a focus on empirical research with relevance for economic policy. All areas of economics are considered, including social policy, labor markets, population issues, development, health, stabilisation and growth. The goal of the journal is to contribute to current policy debates, and enhance economic policy making by providing a forum for innovative and rigorous empirical research. The journal is very interested in, but by no means limited to, contributions on European policy issues.

At this stage, we are inviting manuscript submissions for the next volumes. If you are interested, please submit your paper either electronically by email to aeq@diw.de or otherwise by mail to:

Applied Economics Quarterly

DIW Berlin

Koenigin-Luise-Str. 5

D-14191 Berlin

GERMANY

For further information, please consult the journal's homepage at

http://www.diw.de/english/publikationen/konjunkturpolitik/

11. Call for Papers: Workshop

Workshop on Item Non-response and Data Quality in Large Social Surveys

October 9 - 12, 2003, Basel / Switzerland

Organized by

Regina T. Riphahn (Univ. of Basel) & Erwin Zimmermann (Univ. of Neuchâtel)

Recent decades have witnessed increasing attention given to survey-based empirical research from public bodies, businesses, and the scientific community. While survey data are the foundation of much of our empirical expertise, little is known about data quality and about the processes determining data quality. The purpose of the proposed workshop is to bring together scientists interested in survey data quality, practitioners with experience in survey administration, and representatives of statistical offices and research institutes with an interest in social survey data quality.

The main focus of the workshop will be research on item non-response, its theoretical explanation, actual patterns, determinants, and its correlation with question formats. Research on other issues of data quality such as unit non-response and misreporting, recall bias, the incidence and determinants of "don't know" answers, and other topics is welcome as well.

The workshop will last for two full days, starting on the morning of Friday Oct. 10 and is planned to end with a conference dinner on Saturday Oct. 11. The sessions cover ongoing research on item non-response and data quality as well as a select group of shorter "case-study" reports on experiences with item non-response and related issues for single datasets and surveys. After the meeting authors are invited to submit their papers to a special issue of the Allgemeines Statistisches Archiv, the refereed journal of the German Statistical Association.

Accommodation and meals will be provided. Some funding will be available for international travel, but if participants could contribute to cover their expenses from other sources that would be appreciated.

Please submit a paper or a 1-2 page summary with your complete postal and email address until March 30, 2003 to Regina Riphahn. Acceptance decisions will be communicated by June 30, 2003. For further information please visit http://www.wwz.unibas.ch/stat/workshop.

Regina T. Riphahn

WWZ - University of Basel

Post Box 517

CH - 4003 Basel

regina.riphahn@unibas.ch

12. IZA/SOLE Second Transatlantic Meeting of Labour Economists

The Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in Bonn, Germany, announces the Second IZA/SOLE Transatlantic Meeting of Labor Economists.

Date: June 5-8, 2003

Place: Buch/Ammersee, Germany

Submission deadline: January 31, 2003.

The IZA/SOLE Transatlantic Meetings are a joint initiative of IZA and the Society of Labor Economists (SOLE) to underline the prominent role of international labor market research in Europe as well as the US. The meetings are meant to stimulate international discussion and

cooperation among labor economists on a regular basis.

The meetings take place in the Conference Center of Deutsche Post World Net in the Bavarian town of Buch/Ammersee. IZA Fellows and Affiliates as well as members of the Society of Labor Economics are invited to submit abstracts of papers they wish to present to Ticke Maurer (maurer@iza.org) by January 31, 2003. The program committee, which consists of Daniel S. Hamermesh, 2001 Past President of SOLE, and Gerard A. Pfann, IZA Research Director, will announce decisions of acceptance or rejection by April 15, 2003.

Economy class air travel costs for presenters of accepted papers will be reimbursed. IZA will also provide accommodation, breakfast, lunch and dinner for the duration of the meeting.

For more information, see http://www.iza.org/index_html?mainframe=http%3A//www.iza.org/en/webcontent/events/iza_sole_meeting

13. Job Announcement: Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research

Jobs and Fellowships:

The Institute seeks more than 20 research scientists, post-doctoral fellows and doctoral students with backgrounds in demography, social science, biology, mathematics or statistics. In addition, more than 20 places are available for visiting scholars and visiting doctoral students.

Publications and Databases:

The Institute publishes Demographic Research, a free, expedited, peer-reviewed, online journal of the population sciences. Various books, articles, abstracts and working papers are also available online.

Databases available online include Longevity Records (Life Spans of Mammals, Birds, Amphibians, and Fish) and the Human Mortality Database.

Please visit our website at www.demogr.mpg.de

14. Job Announcement: Austrian Academy of Sciences

Austrian Academy of sciences

Institute for Demography

Institute for Demography

Director: Wolfgang Lutz

The Research Group Demoeconomics at the Institute for Demography at the Austrian Academy of Sciences seeks to recruit a

Population Economist.

Responsibilities: The applicant will be engaged with economic aspects of population ageing. Emphasis is to be placed on the consequences of demographic ageing on macroeconomic variables (technological progress, stock market, economic growth) and microeconomic processes in decision making (savings and consumer behaviour in lifetime, age-specific productivity).

Qualifications: profound knowledge of economic science, particularly in quantitative methodology, ability to apply mathematical methods to demoeconomic questions, familiarity with numeric and econometric methods (computational economics).

Desired qualifications: basic knowledge in Demography

Female applicants and persons with disabilities are specially encouraged.

Submit applications with standard documents (CV, certificates, bibliographic references incl. the five most important publications, documentation on teaching experiences, present and future research projects, research cooperations and acquisitions of third-party funds) to

Prof. Gustav Feichtinger / Alexia Fürnkranz-Prskawetz

Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften

Institut für Demographie

Prinz Eugen-Straße 8-10/2.OG

A-1040 Wien

e-mail: or@e119ws1.tuwien.ac.at / fuernkranz@demogr.mpg.de

15. Job Announcement: Statistics Canada

16. New Book: The Economics of Migration

In the age of globalization, the importance of migration for the industrialized countries has increased. Inflows of migrants have steadily risen in the 1980s and the early 1990s. A remarkable feature of these increasing migration flows is - that differently to earlier decades - not only the traditional immigration countries are affected, but also many European countries. Yet, while the public debate about policy responses to these developments continues unabatedly, research findings of economists are often ignored, even though economic research on many aspects of migration exploded in the last two decades.

In a new four-volume collection “The Economics of Migration” IZA Director Klaus F. Zimmermann and IZA Program Director Thomas K. Bauer have selected the most significant contributions on the economics of migration, which provide an overview of the present state of empirical migration research.

The collection includes more than 100 articles, dating from 1919 to 2000, by authors such as G.S. Becker, G.J. Borjas, D.E. Card, B.R. Chiswick, R.B. Freeman, T.J. Hatton, J. Mincer, C.A. Pissarides, J.L. Simon, and J.G. Williamson. The main aim of the collection is to act as a helpful point of departure for economists who want to start research in this area as well as a possible reading list for lecturers and graduate students.

Topics covered include the migration decision, the integration of immigrants into the labor market and society, their economic behavior, empirical and theoretical contributions to migration policy, and the effects of immigrants on the native population.

This book, available from Edward Elgar Publishing, is number 151 of “The International Library of Critical Writings in Economics” (2,176 pp.; ISBN 1 85898 756 3;
http://www.e-elgar.co.uk).

17. New Journal: Economics and Human Biology

Economics and Human Biology is devoted to the exploration of the effect of socio-economic processes on human beings as biological organisms. Research covered in this (triennial) interdisciplinary journal is not bound by temporal or geographic limitations. Themes include:

· The impact of socio-economic processes, such as industrialization, urbanization, agricultural policy, technological change and commercialization and the degree of penetration of the world food system on biological welfare and health outcomes.

· The effects of government intervention programs, as well as macroeconomic and public health policy on the human organism at either the individual or the population level.

· Feedback effects from human biological outcomes to economic growth at the national, regional and local levels insofar as healthier individuals invariably lead longer more creative and more productive lives, influencing thereby the course of economic development.

· The complex symbiotic relationship between such anthropometric indicators as weight, birth-weight, physical stature and the body-mass-index, as well as morbidity and mortality, on the one hand and socio-economic processes or events on the other.

· The conceptualization of health and health models in economic theory.

· The measurement of poverty, malnutrition and psychological deprivation and the role of health and income inequality in the persistence of poverty traps.

· The biological components of the quality of life: how well does the human organism itself thrives in its socioeconomic and epidemiological environment.

· Health and economic systems; environment and health; health in the transition economies.

· Statistical, econometric, methodological and philosophical issues associated with the measurement and modelling of these relationships.

Contributions in auxology, anthropometry, biocultural anthropology, demography, development economics, economic history, epidemiology, health economics, human biology, human nutrition, health sciences, medicine, physical anthropology, public health and sociology are welcomed.

Editor:

J. Komlos, University of Munich, Department of Economics, Ludwigstrasse 33/IV, 80539 Munich, Germany. Tel: +4989-2180-3168, Fax: + 4989-2180-5824, Email: john.komlos@econhist.vwl.uni-muenchen.de

Associate Editors:

C.G.N. Mascie-Taylor, University of Cambridge, Dept. of Biological Anthropology, Downing Street, CAMBRIDGE, CB2 3DZ, UK

S.R. Osmani, School of Public Policy, Economics and Law, University of Ulster, Jordanstown, Newtownabbey, Co. Antrim BT37 0QB, UK

D. Thomas, UCLA, Department of Economics, 405 Hilgard Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90095 -9000, USA

S. Ulijaszek, Institute of Biological Anthropology, University of Oxford, 58 Banbury Road, Oxford OX2 6QS, UK

More information on Economics and Human Biology can be found at:

http://www.elsevier.com/homepage/sae/econworld/econbase/ehb/frame.htm